Dr Shibal Bhartiya is an invited speaker at national and international ophthalmology platforms, with appearances spanning the Glaucoma Society of India, the All India Ophthalmological Society, academic CME programmes, and public media. Below are some selected videos, talks, media and appearances.
Her work sits at the intersection of clinical glaucoma care, research, and systems-level thinking in early detection, risk, and continuity of care.
A conversation on resilience, social impact, and building Vision Unlimited.
FAQs
Who is a glaucoma specialist in Gurgaon? A glaucoma specialist is an ophthalmologist trained in diagnosing and managing glaucoma, focusing on early detection, pressure control, and long-term vision preservation.
Where can I find a glaucoma expert in India? Glaucoma experts are available in major cities like Gurgaon, Delhi, and Mumbai, with specialised clinics offering advanced diagnostics and second opinions.
What does a glaucoma specialist do? A glaucoma specialist evaluates optic nerve health, visual fields, and eye pressure to detect disease early and prevent irreversible vision loss.
When should I see a glaucoma specialist? You should consult a glaucoma specialist if you have high eye pressure, family history, vision changes, or are above 40 years of age.
Why are glaucoma talks and awareness important? Glaucoma often has no early symptoms. Public awareness and expert talks help promote early detection and prevent blindness.
Credentials & Professional Profile
Dr Shibal Bhartiya is a fellowship-trained glaucoma specialist and Mayo Clinic Research Collaborator with over 25 years of experience.
She is Editor-in-Chief of Clinical and Experimental Vision and Eye Research (CLEVER) and Executive Editor of the Journal of Current Glaucoma Practice (JCGP).
Her academic work includes over 200 publications, 90+ PubMed-indexed papers, and 28 edited textbooks.
She has published peer-reviewed research on glaucoma management, examining how treatment decisions should balance medical evidence, patient preferences, and long-term vision outcomes. Her clinical philosophy emphasises early detection, risk-based care, ethical decision-making, and independent second opinions.
After 60, your eyes face a different set of risks than they did at 40. Glaucoma, macular changes, cataract progression, and dry eye all accelerate in this decade. Many of these conditions cause no pain and no obvious warning. Which is why regular, detailed eye evaluation is essential after 60, not optional, explains Dr Shibal Bhartiya.
Most people over 60 assume that blurred vision means they need new glasses. Sometimes that is true. But in this age group, vision changes are often the first sign of something that needs treatment, not just a new prescription. The good news is that caught early, most serious eye conditions in this decade are manageable. The risk is waiting too long.
Dr Shibal Bhartiya is a fellowship-trained glaucoma specialist and Mayo Clinic Research Collaborator with over 25 years of experience. Her approach focuses on identifying risk before damage is irreversible, simplifying treatment decisions, and protecting vision long-term. Emphasis on early detection, risk assessment, and continuity of care. She is rated 5 stars across 1,500+ patient reviews on Google.
AMD affects the centre of your vision, the part you use for reading, faces, and fine detail. Early AMD causes no symptoms. Intermediate AMD may cause slight blurring or difficulty in low light. Wet AMD can cause rapid central vision loss. Early detection through retinal imaging changes outcomes significantly.
3. Cataract
Most people over 60 have some degree of cataract. Symptoms include glare, halos at night, faded colours, and gradual blurring. Cataract surgery is one of the safest and most effective procedures available. The decision to operate depends on how much the cataract affects daily function, not just its appearance on examination.
4. Diabetic Retinopathy
If you have diabetes, your retinal risk increases significantly with age. Diabetic retinopathy can progress silently for years. Blood sugar control slows progression, but it does not eliminate the need for annual retinal evaluation. Even well-controlled diabetes requires regular retinal screening.
5. Dry Eye Disease
Tear production decreases with age, particularly after menopause in women. Symptoms include burning, grittiness, watery eyes, and fluctuating vision. Standard Schirmer tests often miss functional dry eye. A detailed tear film assessment gives a more accurate picture. Untreated dry eye accelerates surface damage and worsens visual quality.
6. Posterior Vitreous Detachment (PVD)
The vitreous gel inside the eye shrinks and pulls away from the retina with age. This causes sudden floaters and flashes of light. PVD itself is usually harmless. However, in some cases it causes a retinal tear, which needs urgent treatment. New floaters or flashes after 60 always need same-week evaluation.
7. Eyelid and Tear Duct Changes
Eyelids lose tone with age. They may turn inward (entropion) or outward (ectropion), both causing irritation and tearing. Blocked tear ducts also become more common. These are correctable conditions, but they are frequently dismissed as “just aging.”
How to Think About Your Symptoms After 60
Symptom
Possible Cause
When to Worry
Gradual blurring
Cataract, refractive change
Worsening over weeks
Peripheral vision loss
Glaucoma
Any unexplained gap in vision
Central blurring or distortion
AMD
Sudden or rapid change — urgent
Flashes and new floaters
PVD, retinal tear
New onset — same week evaluation
Burning, gritty eyes
Dry eye, eyelid changes
Persistent or worsening
Night driving difficulty
Cataract, contrast loss, glaucoma
Functional impairment
Watery eyes
Blocked tear duct, ectropion
Chronic and affecting vision
Eye Health After 60: What to Expect
Your eyes change significantly after 60. Most of these changes are normal, but some need early attention to protect your vision.
After 60, the eye’s lens becomes stiffer and cloudier. The drainage system slows down. The retina becomes more vulnerable. None of this is unusual. All of it is manageable when caught early.
What Normally Changes After 60
Reading vision gets harder. The lens loses flexibility. This is called presbyopia. You may need reading glasses even if your distance vision is fine. This is not a disease. It is a normal part of ageing.
Contrast sensitivity drops. You may find it harder to read in low light or see steps clearly. Colours may look less vivid. This happens because the pupil becomes smaller and lets in less light.
Floaters increase. Most floaters are harmless. They are shadows from tiny fibres in the vitreous gel inside your eye. But a sudden shower of new floaters, especially with flashing lights, needs urgent attention. It can signal a retinal tear.
Dry eyes become more common. The glands that produce tears work less efficiently with age. Eyes feel gritty, tired, or burning. Dry eye is one of the most common eye complaints after 60 and is very treatable. [internal link: /omega-3-dry-eye/]
Adaptation to dark and light slows. Moving from bright sunlight into a dim room takes longer. This is normal but can affect driving safety at night.What Routine Tests Often Miss
Remember
Many eye evaluations in this age group focus on correcting the glasses prescription and checking eye pressure. That misses the full picture. Contrast sensitivity, tear film quality, optic nerve structure, and macular health all need individual assessment. A normal eye pressure does not rule out glaucoma. Clear-looking eyes do not rule out AMD or early retinal changes. After 60, a complete evaluation takes longer than ten minutes.
When to Worry
See an eye specialist promptly if you notice any of the following:
Sudden new floaters or flashes of light
Any sudden change in central vision
A shadow or curtain across part of your vision
Rapid worsening of night vision
Vision loss that does not improve with blinking
Double vision in one or both eyes
Annual evaluation is the minimum after 60. Six-monthly evaluation is appropriate if you have glaucoma, diabetes, or AMD.
What This Means for You
Ageing affects every part of the body, and the eyes are no exception. But most serious eye conditions after 60 are treatable when found early. The goal of eye care in this decade is not just clearer glasses, it is protecting the vision you have for the decades ahead. If your last eye check was more than a year ago, now is the right time.
How Often Should You Have Your Eyes Examined After 60?
Once a year, without exception.
A comprehensive annual eye exam after 60 checks vision, eye pressure, the optic nerve, the retina, and the drainage angle. It takes less than an hour. It can detect cataracts, glaucoma, macular degeneration, and diabetic eye disease before you notice any change in your vision.
If you have diabetes, hypertension, a family history of glaucoma, or previous eye conditions, your eye doctor may recommend more frequent reviews.
What a Comprehensive Eye Exam Includes
Vision testing at distance and near
Eye pressure measurement
Optic nerve assessment
Dilated retinal examination
Corneal thickness if glaucoma risk is present
Visual field testing if indicated [internal link: /visual-field-test/]
OCT scan of the optic nerve and retina if needed [internal link: /rnfl-oct/]
Practical Steps to Protect Your Eyes After 60
Wear UV-protective sunglasses outdoors. UV exposure accelerates cataracts and macular degeneration. A good pair of wrap-around sunglasses is one of the simplest protective steps you can take.
Manage your systemic health. Blood pressure, blood sugar, and cholesterol directly affect your eyes. Keeping these controlled reduces your risk of retinal vascular disease and diabetic eye disease.
Eat well. A diet rich in leafy greens, colourful vegetables, and omega-3 fatty acids supports retinal health. [internal link: /omega-3-dry-eye/]
Do not smoke. Smoking doubles the risk of macular degeneration and accelerates cataract formation. It is the single most modifiable risk factor for serious eye disease.
Tell your eye doctor about all medications. Some systemic drugs affect the eyes. Hydroxychloroquine, used for rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, requires annual retinal monitoring. Certain blood pressure medications affect eye pressure.
A Note on Second Opinions
If you have been told you have early cataracts, early glaucoma, or macular changes and you are unsure about next steps, a second opinion is always appropriate. Understanding exactly what stage you are at and what your options are makes a meaningful difference to long-term outcomes.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is it normal for vision to change a lot after 60?
Some change is normal. But frequent or rapid changes need evaluation. They may indicate cataract progression, dry eye, or an early retinal or nerve problem.
Can glaucoma start after 60 even with no family history?
Yes. Age itself is a major risk factor for glaucoma. Family history adds to the risk but is not required for the disease to develop.
I had cataract surgery. Do I still need regular eye checks?
Yes. Cataract surgery removes the cloudy lens but does not protect against glaucoma, AMD, retinal changes, or dry eye. Annual evaluation remains important.
How is eye care after 60 different from a standard vision test?
A standard vision test checks your glasses prescription and basic eye pressure. A complete evaluation after 60 includes optic nerve imaging, visual field testing, retinal assessment, and tear film evaluation. These are different tests with different equipment.
Can AMD be prevented?
Early AMD cannot always be prevented, but progression can be slowed. Stopping smoking, controlling blood pressure, and taking specific nutritional supplements in intermediate AMD are evidence-based steps. Early detection through retinal imaging is essential.
See a Specialist Who Looks Beyond the Obvious
After 60, eye care is not just about reading the chart. It is about protecting your independence, your ability to drive, and your quality of life. If something feels off, or if it has been more than a year since a detailed evaluation, book a consultation.
Dr Shibal Bhartiya Glaucoma and Advanced Eye Care | Second Opinions
She has published peer-reviewed research on glaucoma management, examining how treatment decisions should balance medical evidence, patient preferences, and long-term vision outcomes.
Preparing for your eye doctor appointment is a simple yet crucial step in maintaining good eye health. By following these easy steps, you’ll ensure a smooth and productive visit, helping your eye doctor help you see the world more clearly. Remember, your eyesight is precious – take the time to care for it!
Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye): Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment
Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva — the thin, transparent membrane that covers the white of the eye and lines the inner eyelids. It is one of the most common eye conditions seen in all age groups, from infants to older adults.
Most people know it as pink eye or eye flu. The eye looks red or pink because the blood vessels in the conjunctiva dilate during inflammation.
Conjunctivitis is not usually dangerous. But it is uncomfortable, often contagious, and sometimes confused with other eye conditions that need urgent attention.
Dr Shibal Bhartiya is a fellowship-trained glaucoma specialist and Mayo Clinic Research Collaborator with over 25 years of experience. Her approach focuses on identifying risk before damage is irreversible, simplifying treatment decisions, and protecting vision long-term. Emphasis on early detection, risk assessment, and continuity of care. She is rated 5 stars across 1,500+ patient reviews on Google.
Types of Conjunctivitis
Conjunctivitis is not one condition. The cause determines the treatment.
Viral conjunctivitis is the most common type. It spreads easily from person to person and is often associated with a cold or upper respiratory infection. It usually resolves on its own within one to two weeks.
Bacterial conjunctivitis causes a sticky yellow or green discharge. It responds to antibiotic eye drops. Without treatment, it can persist and occasionally spread to the cornea.
Allergic conjunctivitis is not infective and not contagious. It is triggered by dust, pollen, pet dander, or other allergens, and can cause intense itching. It is often seasonal. You can read more about it on the eye allergy page.
Chemical or irritant conjunctivitis results from exposure to chlorine, smoke, fumes, or foreign bodies. It is not contagious and resolves once the irritant is removed.
Symptoms of Conjunctivitis
Symptoms vary slightly by cause but the common features include:
Redness of one or both eyes
Watering or discharge
Gritty or sandy feeling in the eye
Swelling of the eyelids or conjunctiva
Sticky eyelids on waking, especially with bacterial infection
Transient blurring of vision
Intense itching, more common in allergic conjunctivitis
When to See a Doctor Immediately
Most conjunctivitis is mild. But some symptoms need prompt attention:
Severe pain in the eye
Significant reduction in vision that does not clear with blinking
Intense sensitivity to light
Symptoms that worsen rapidly or do not improve after a week
Conjunctivitis in a newborn
These symptoms may point to a more serious condition such as corneal involvement, uveitis, or acute glaucoma — all of which need urgent evaluation.
For viral conjunctivitis, antibiotics are not effective. Treatment focuses on comfort — preservative-free lubricating eye drops reduce irritation, and cold compresses ease swelling. Most cases resolve within 7 to 14 days.
For bacterial conjunctivitis, your doctor will prescribe antibiotic eye drops or ointment. Complete the full course even if symptoms improve early.
For allergic conjunctivitis, antihistamine eye drops and avoidance of triggers form the core of treatment. Anti-inflammatory drops help in more severe cases.
In some situations — particularly in diabetic or immunocompromised patients — a doctor may prescribe a broad-spectrum antibiotic even for a viral infection to prevent secondary bacterial infection.
How to Limit the Spread
Viral and bacterial conjunctivitis spread through direct and indirect contact. These steps reduce transmission:
Wash hands frequently, especially after touching the eyes
Do not touch or rub the infected eye
Do not share towels, pillowcases, or eye makeup
Avoid contact lenses until your doctor confirms it is safe to resume
Stay away from school or work if discharge is heavy — particularly in children
A Note on Self-Treatment
Many patients use over-the-counter antibiotic or steroid drops without a prescription. This is not advisable. Steroid drops used without examination can worsen viral infections and occasionally trigger serious complications including raised eye pressure and glaucoma. Always have a comprehensive eye examination before starting any treatment.
Viral and bacterial conjunctivitis can spread through:
• Hand contact • Towels • Cosmetics • Eye rubbing • Close contact environments like schools and offices
Allergic conjunctivitis is not contagious.
Good hygiene significantly reduces transmission risk.
What is the treatment for conjunctivitis?
Treatment depends on the cause:
• Viral conjunctivitis → lubrication and hygiene • Bacterial conjunctivitis → antibiotic drops when indicated • Allergic conjunctivitis → anti-allergy medication, low dose steroids depending on severity • Dry eye related redness → tear film stabilisation
Steroid eye drops should never be used without ophthalmologist supervision because they can worsen infections and may trigger glaucoma in susceptible individuals.
How long does conjunctivitis take to recover?
Recovery depends on cause:
• Viral conjunctivitis: 7–14 days • Bacterial conjunctivitis: 5–10 days • Allergic conjunctivitis: depends on allergen control
If symptoms persist beyond expected timelines, further evaluation may be needed to rule out masqueraders.
When should I see an eye specialist urgently?
Seek urgent consultation if you have:
• Reduced vision • Severe eye pain • Light sensitivity • Recurrent episodes • No improvement after 3–5 days • History of glaucoma • Contact lens use with redness
These may indicate conditions more serious than conjunctivitis.
Can conjunctivitis affect vision permanently?
Most cases recover fully. However delayed diagnosis, inappropriate steroid use, or missed alternative diagnoses may rarely cause complications.
Early diagnosis helps prevent unnecessary risk.
How do ophthalmologists differentiate conjunctivitis from more serious causes of red eye?
• Hand hygiene • Avoid eye rubbing • Avoid sharing towels • Replace eye cosmetics after infection • Proper contact lens care • Early consultation if symptoms worsen
Preventive eye care remains the most effective strategy to avoid complications.
Is pink eye the same as conjunctivitis?
Yes. Pink eye is the common name for infective conjunctivitis. The term refers to the characteristic redness caused by dilated surface blood vessels.
Can steroid eye drops treat conjunctivitis?
Steroid drops should only be prescribed by an eye doctor after examination. Used incorrectly, steroids can worsen viral conjunctivitis, delay healing, and raise eye pressure — increasing the risk of glaucoma.
How is conjunctivitis different from dry eye or allergy?
All three cause red, uncomfortable eyes. Dry eye causes burning and grittiness, worse with screen use. Allergy causes intense itching, often with sneezing. Infective conjunctivitis typically causes discharge and may affect one eye first. An eye examination is the reliable way to distinguish them.
Read the research articles
This article was written by Dr Shibal Bhartiya, fellowship-trained glaucoma specialist and Mayo Clinic Research Collaborator, Clinical Director at Marengo Asia Hospitals, Gurugram, known for ethical, patient-centred glaucoma care and independent glaucoma second opinions. This article was edited in April 2026.
She has published peer-reviewed research oneye care, examining how treatment decisions should balance medical evidence, patient preferences, and long-term vision outcomes.
