The study by Naidoo et al uses a mathematical model to predict the prevalence of myopia. The authors have come up with startling numbers. It seems like myopia will be the new pandemic, with half the worlds population requiring glasses for distance vision.
What is the myopia study based on?
The study has used prevalence studies over the last decades, to predict the prevalence of myopia in the future. That is, the authors have estimated how many people will require glasses for distance vision over the next few years. In addition, they have also associated with data with extrapolations based on regional similarities in urbanization, Human Development Index, race and education.
Based on these facts, the authors predict that 35% of the world population would have myopia in 2020, and 50% by 2050.
Will half the world need distance glasses by 2050?
While there is little doubt that there has been an increase in the prevalence of myopia over time. Experts attribute it to lifestyle changes resulting from a combination of decreased time outdoors, increased near work activities and digital eye strain, we don’t know if the prediction will actually hold true. Of course, genetics has an important role to play. If your parents wear glasses, you will also probably need glasses.
One, this is a mathematical estimation that presumes all change will continue as before. Also, it presumes that there will be no acceleration or reversal of trends, and that there will be no interventions to control this. There are several other confounding factors that will finally determine the prevalence of myopia in future.
Thirty years is a long time, and technologies to counter the detrimental effects of all that puts us at risk are in evolution. And given the changes we have seen in the last 30 years, it will be irrational to actually believe that there will be none over the next 30.
What we do know for a fact, though, beyond the world of mathematical models, is that we need to take care of our eyes better. And especially for the children. And that a healthier lifestyle is essential for healthier eyes.
What can we do to keep our eyes safe from myopia?
These tips are especially important for all those who read a lot, and also for those who work for long hours on the computer.
- Minimise your screen time: One of the most important causes for myopia is prolonged near work. With the digital revolution, and especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, the screen time has increased for all of us.
- Think and blink: You must remember to blink more often. This helps to redistribute the tear film over the surface of the eye.
- 20/20/20 rule: Since prolonged near work can result in a convergence spasm, one must take frequent breaks. In fact, you must close your eyes for twenty seconds after every 20 minutes of screen time or near work. After that, blink, and look at something at least 20 feet away for twenty seconds. This helps the eye muscles relax, eases of the convergence spasm, and also redistributes the tear film over the eyes.
- Spend time outdoors: Exposure to sunshine and playing outdoors has been linked with decreased need for distance glasses. Therefore, it is important to make time for outdoor activities as well.
